Douglas mcgregor, through his wellknown theory x and theory y, drew a distinction between the assumptions about human motivation which underlie these two approaches, to this effect. The points given below are substantial, so far as the difference between theory x and theory y is concerned. Download douglas mcgregor theory x theory y the human side of ppt for free. Theory x and y of motivation ppt video online download slideplayer. Mcgregors theory x and y is a salutary and simple remainder of the natural rules for managing people, which under the pressure of daytoday business are all too easily forgotten. He is best known for his development of the theory x and theory y, a leadership theory on two different leadership styles. Synopsis this is mcgregors timeless principles and influential thinking now updated for a new generation of managers. The adobe flash plugin is needed to view this content. The idea behind using letters x and y, perhaps seems to be using a neutral terminology, which does not convey any sense of badness or goodness associated with these theories.
Theory x and theory y also have implications in military command and control c2. Mcgregors theoryx and theoryy what is human resource. Mcgregor developed two theories of human behaviour at work. Theory x and theory y theory x and y comparison theory y theories in the 21st century the average theory y manager makes an effort theory x and y are often studied as.
Mcgregors theory x and theory y theory of motivation. This article and video will explore mcgregors theory further, and well look at how it applies in the workplace. Many years ago a professor named douglas mcgregor dubbed these perspectives theory x and theory y. Xy theory questionnaire score the statements 5 always, 4 mostly, 3 often, 2 occasionally, 1 rarely, 0 never to indicate whether the situation and management style is x or y. Rather, he saw the two theories as two extremes with a whole spectrum of possible behaviours in between. Theory x and theory y, introduced in the book and are known for management and human. The x and y theory of management by douglas mcgregor. Mcgregor himself holds that the assumptions of theory y are more valid than theory x. Theory x and theory y are theories of human motivation developed by douglas mcgregor at the mit sloan school of management in the 1960s that have been used in human resource management, organizational behavior, and organizational development.
He was a strong supporter of theories x and y, and he put theory y that people want to work, achieve and take responsibility into practice in a californian electronics factory. Theory x and theory y are theories of human work motivation and management. These theories continue to be important even today. Mcgregor grouped the maslows hierarchy into lowerorder needs known as theory x and higherorder needs known as theory y. His work is based upon maslows hierarchy of needs, where he grouped the hiera. Toward a constructvalid measure article pdf available in journal of managerial issues 202. Theory into practice abraham maslow viewed mcgregor as a mentor. Douglas mcgregor, an american social psychologist, proposed his famous xy theory in his 1960 book the human side of enterprise. Social psychologist mcgregors theoryx and theoryyof mit expounded two contrasting theories on human motivation and management in the 1960s. An overview of a theoretical reflections on douglas mcgregors theory x and theory y egbo a. Essentially theory x and theory y describe two opposing views of people at work that will influence management style.
The managements action of motivating human beings in the organisation, according to mcgregor, involves certain assumptions, generalisations and hypotheses relating to human behaviour and human nature mcgregor has characterised these assumptions in two opposite points, theory x and theory y. Theory x, theory y, and theory z introduction to business. Mcgregors work was rooted in motivation theory alongside the works of abraham maslow, who created the hierarchy of needs. In 1960, based on maslows hierarchy of needs, douglas mcgregor proposed a theory x and y of motivation. Explain the implications of theory x, theory y, and theory z for employee management mcgregors theory x and theory y the idea that a managers attitude has an impact on employee motivation was originally proposed by douglas mcgregor, a management professor at the massachusetts institute of technology during the 1950s and 1960s. View and download powerpoint presentations on douglas mcgregor theory x and y ppt. Jul 11, 2017 many years ago a professor named douglas mcgregor dubbed these perspectives theory x and theory y. Clearly, a theory y approach sounds more appealing but, in fact, different members of one team might benefit from different management approaches, depending on the situation. Douglas mcgregor, an american social psychologist, proposed his famous x y theory in his 1960 book the human side of enterprise.
Aug 11, 2014 douglas mcgregor s theory x and theory y. Thus, delegation of authority, job enlargement, management by objectives and participative management techniques are great motivators for the employee. Theory x is propounded by mcgregor, which indicates a set of assumptions, that an average worker is motivated to satisfy their own needs and not to contribute to the fulfilment of organisational goals. X and y were created and develo ped by douglas mcgregor in the 1960s. Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about theory x and theory y ppt. Ppt mcgregors theory x and y powerpoint presentation, free. Douglas mcgregor has developed two sets of assumptions about human behaviour.
Douglas mcgregor presentation motivation selfimprovement. According to theory y, when conditions are favorable, the individual finds work appealing and is highly motivated at need levels maslows hierarchy of needs. Douglas mcgregor 1906 1964 was a lecturer at harvard university and became the first sloan fellows professor at mit. Douglas mcgregor presentation free download as powerpoint. The idea that a managers attitude has an impact on employee motivation was originally proposed by douglas mcgregor, a management professor at the massachusetts institute of technology during the 1950s and 1960s. Theory x and theory y theory x and y comparison theory y theories in the 21st century the average theory y manager makes an effort theory x and y are often studied as a prelude to developing a better understanding towards management concepts applies self control and self. Theory x assumes that people dislike work and will avoid doing anything they dont have to do. Introduced by douglas mcgregor, theory x and theory y talk about the diverging views that exist about how organizations function.
Theory x and theory y team management training from. Ppt theory x powerpoint presentation free to view id. Douglas mcgregor theory x theory y the human side of. View and download powerpoint presentations on theory x and theory y ppt. He suggested that either of the two theories can be used for management of people but theory y was better than theory x. This theory divides workers and managers in the organization in two typical groups according to how managers lead their subordinates and respectively how subordinates behave character of the manager or worker corresponding to the. This theory divides workers and managers in the organization in two typical groups according to how managers lead their subordinates and respectively how subordinates behave. Dogan unlucan mcgregor theories x and theory y student. Theory y and theory x are theories of human motivation that have been. Douglas mcgregor theory x theory y pdf download oikos. Difference between theory x and theory y with comparison. Mcgregors theory x and y douglas mcgregor wrote the book the human side of enterprise in 1960 he.
The theory x and theory y are the theories of motivation given by douglas mcgregor in 1960s. Under motivation theory x, the firm relies on money and benefits to satisfy employees lower needs mentioned before, and once those needs are satisfied the source of motivation is lost. Ppt an overview of a theoretical reflections on douglas. Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about douglas mcgregor theory x and y ppt. Mcgregor maintained that there two fundamental approaches to managing people. If you believe that your team members dislike their work and have little motivation, then, according to mcgregor, youll likely use an authoritarian style of. Mcgregors theory x and theory y are theories about human behavior and motivation in the organization that was published in 1960 by douglas mcgregor. Pdf comparative analysis of theory x, theory y, theory z. They were created by douglas mcgregor while he was working at the mit sloan school of management in the 1950s, and developed further in the 1960s. Gregor formulated theory x and theory y suggesting two aspects of human behaviour at work, or in other words, two different views of individuals employees.
The average human being does not inherently dislike work. The three prior studies that have made this distinction were recently conducted solely to develop constructvalid measures of both. Workers are committed and can work independently without direction to achieve. Mcgregors ideas suggest that there are two fundamental approaches to managing people.
Organizational communication channel 114,558 views. Given the drawbacks of theory x, mcgregor developed an alternative theory of human behavior called theory y. The relationship between mcgregors xy theory management. First published in 1960, the human side of enterprise has become a worldwide management bible. Douglas mcgregor 1960, 1966 classified managers attitudes or belief system, which he called assumptions, as theory x and y. His work is based upon maslows hierarchy of needs, where he grouped the hierarchy into lowerorder needs theory x and higherorder needs theory y. People will exercise selfdirection and selfcontrol if they are committed to the objectives. The two theories are sets of propositions and beliefs about human nature. Given the drawbacks of theoryx, mcgregor developed an alternative theory of human behavior called theoryy. I knew instinctively that mcgregors assessment of the traditional view management, which he names theory x, was true because i had worked in x environments for years, trying to run y divisions. Theory x management style generally get poor results compare with managers use theory y, which produces better performance and results, and allows people to grow and develop. Mcgregor promoted theory y as the basis of good management practice, pioneering the argument that workers are not merely cogs in the company machinery, as theory xtype organizations seemed to believe. The trick is to be aware of your assumptions and to adapt your management style, so that all members of your team can benefit.
This theory is rather simple in relationship to the other four motivation theories you need to know for the exam like maslows hierarchy of needs. Theory x and theory y in 1960, douglas mcgregor formulated theory x and theory y suggesting two aspects of human behaviour at work, or in other words, two different views of individuals employees. Management theory x and theory y 11 may 2010 presented by. His theory x and theory y was detailed in the human side of enterprise, published in 1960. Organizational communication channel 129,178 views. Ulterieurement, les besoins humains evoluant, les individus adoptent les comportements y.
Many managers tend towards theory x, and generally get poor. These theories are based on the premise that management has to assemble all the factors of production, including human beings, to get the work done. Jul 08, 2017 the points given below are substantial, so far as the difference between theory x and theory y is concerned. His work showed that thoughts and beliefs might influence behavio. He did not imply that workers would be one type or the other. Mcgregors xy theory is a natural rule for managing people. Older, strictly hierarchical conceptions of c2, with narrow centralization of decision rights, highly constrained patterns of interaction, and limited information distribution tend to arise from cultural and organizational assumptions compatible with theory x. This lesson goes over these additional learning goals. Comparative analysis of theory x, theory y, theory z, and theory a for managing people and performance. Employees can view work as being as natural as rest or play. He is best known for his development of the theory x and theory y, a leadership theory on two different leadership styles biography douglas mcgregor. Managers with theory x attitudes hold that subordinates dislike work, avoid work if they can, and show little ambition.
Application of theory x and y in classroom management by. Douglas mcgregor formulated theory x and theory y suggesting. Mcgregors six assumptions of theory y and his ideas of integrating individual and organization goals are congruent with the main planks in. Fill in the levels of the hierarchy esteem needs safety needs self actualisation survival needs social needs. Generally, an ebook can be downloaded in five minutes or less. In his 1960 book, the human side of enterprise, mcgregor proposed two theories by which managers perceive and address employee. X and consider using the techniques suggested by theory y. Douglas mcgregor 1906 1964 was a famous management professor in the field of personal development and motivational theory.
Mcgregors theory is a motivation theory, meaning it provides explanation on what people want in order to do their job. You might, for instance, have a tendency to micromanage or, conversely, you may prefer to take a more handsoff approach. You may, however, find that you naturally favor one over the other. Armando benitez norelkis rodriguez marcela rojas dannye alvarez mitchell fonseca liz ramon a free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Theory x and theory y describe two very different attitudes toward workforce motivation. Displaying powerpoint presentation on douglas mcgregor theory x theory y the human side of available to view or download. Theory x and theory y are still referred to commonly in the field of management and motivation, and whilst more recent studies have questioned the rigidity of the model, mcgregors xy theory remains a valid basic principle from which to develop positive management. Theory x and theory y free training model, uk, online trainer. Remove this presentation flag as inappropriate i dont like this i. In the 1960s, douglas murray mcgregor, a famous mit professor of management wrote a book named the human side of enterprise in which he analyzed the various behaviors of professionals at work.
A powerpoint document, which shows an example of the theory x and theory y model with advice on the method of use. Mcgregor proposed theory y assumptions about human nature as an alternative to theory x. Nov 30, 2016 douglas mcgregor 1906 1964 was a famous management professor in the field of personal development and motivational theory. Douglas mcgregors theory x and theory y of motivation.
Problems with theory x drawing on maslows needs hierarchy, mcgregor argues that a need, once satisfied, no longer motivates. Download file to see previous pages mcgregor based his theory x on the lower order needs and the theory y on the upper order needs. Motivation, theory x and y, classroom, management manager and organisation introduction douglas mcgregor, an american social psychologist, proposed his famous theory x and y in his book the human side of enterprise in 1960. Oct 07, 20 douglas mcgregor s theory x and theory y duration. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. They were created by douglas mcgregor while he was working at the mit. Therefore, managers and management could use either set of needs to motivate employees. Mcgregorstheory x and theory y ppt self actualization. Theory x and theory y, introduced in the book and are known for management and human motivation. Mcgregor developed a philosophical view of humankind with his theory x and theory y in 1960. Theory x and theory y are still referred to commonly in the field of management and motivation, and whilst more recent studies have questioned the rigidity of the model, mcgregor s x y theory remains a valid basic principle from which to develop positive management.
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